![]() ![]() In addition, ample examples will be provided to help illustrate how these concepts are applied in practice and how they can be combined. Each of these validity strategies will be defined and discussed in turn in the sections that follow. The perspectives that have traditionally been most useful for studying the validity of criterion-referenced tests are content validity and construct validity. Naturally, making such arguments from a number of perspectives will be more convincing to you and other users of the tests. For example, if a criterion-referenced test is designed to measure the objectives of a specific course, the validity of the test could be defended by showing that the test is indeed measuring those objectives. Traditionally, validity has been defined as “the degree to which a test measures what it claims, or purports, to be measuring” (Brown, 1996, p. ![]()
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